Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission (RSHRC) : Introduction, Structure, Functions, Drawbacks, Suggestions, Chairperson and Members

Introduction

• Meaning of Human Rights : Human rights are the fundamental rights that a person gets as a human being, which he gets from the womb of the mother till his death and from which a person cannot be deprived or tortured on the basis of race, caste, nationality, religion, sex etc. That is, human rights are those rights of people recognized all over the world, which are essential for their complete physical, mental and spiritual development, and which have originated from the inherent dignity of man.
• The World Human Rights Conference, which is famous as Vienna Conference, 1993, evaluated the achievements of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 10 December 1948 and prepared the basis for further work in the field of human rights at the international level.
• SHRC Full Form : State Human Rights Commission
• RSHRC Full Form : Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission
• It is a statutory commission, because it has been established under Section 21 (1) of Chapter 5 of the “Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993”.
• Statutory Commission : A commission which is established through an Act is called a statutory commission.
• Notification of establishment : Issued on 18 January 1999. (Then Chief Minister Mr. Ashok Gehlot)
• Establishment : 23 March 2000 (Under Section 21 (1) of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993)
• Commencement of work : 23 March 2000
• Headquarter : Jaipur (from establishment till present)
• It is an advisory commission, because its advice is not binding on the state government.
• It hears only the matters of State and Concurrent List.
• Definition of Human Rights :-
  • The term ‘Human Rights’ is defined in Section 2 (d) of the “Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993”, under which human rights mean the rights related to life, liberty, equality and dignity of a person mentioned in the Constitution or included in the International Covenant, which are enforceable by the court.
  • The definition of ‘Human Rights’ is thus quite broad, which includes all those issues which are within the scope of life, liberty, equality and dignity.
• Main objective : To act as a monitoring institution for the protection of human rights in the state.
• Other names of Human Rights :-
  1. Fundamental Rights
  2. Basic Rights
  3. Inherent Rights
  4. Natural Rights
  5. Birth Rights
• Human Rights Day :-
  • International Human Rights Day:-
  • Day : 10 December
  • Start : In 1950, the United Nations General Assembly declared December 10 as “International Human Rights Day”.
  • Reason : On December 10, 1948, the United Nations General Assembly for the first time adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, also known as the ‘Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ (UDHR).
• Human Rights Day in India :-
  • Day : 10 December
  • Theme (2024) : “Our Rights, Our Future, Now”

Institutions created for human rights

level	Institution
International/ World	United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC)
India	National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
State (India)	State Human Rights Commission (SHRC)

Structure

Period	Member
From inception to 2006	1 Chairperson + 4 Members = 5
From 2006 to present	1 Chairperson + 2 Members = 3

Structure respectively	Present	Features
Chairperson	Justice Shri Ganga Ram Moolchandani	1
Members	1. Justice Shri Ram Chandra Singh Jhala 2. Shri Ashok Kumar Gupta	𑇐 From inception to 2006 – 4 𑇐 From 2006 to present- 2
Secretary	Shri Ghanendra Bhan Chaturvedi (IAS)	IAS Officer (There cannot be an officer of a level lower than that of the Secretary level officer of the State Government.) 𑇐 Chief Executive Officer of the Commission
Deputy Secretary	Ms Pragati Asopa (RAS)	RAS Officer

Investigating agency :-

• The Commission also has its own investigation agency which is at par with the members, headed by a police officer not below the rank of Inspector General of Police (IG).
• Current Chief : Shri Sushmit Biswas (Additional Director General of Police- ADGP)

Current political officeholders

Name	Designation	Party
Shri Bhajan Lal Sharma	Chief Minister, Government of Rajasthan	Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
Shri Avinash Gehlot	Cabinet Minister, Social Justice and Empowerment Department, Government of Rajasthan	Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)

Chairperson and Members

	Chairperson	Member
Qualification	𑇐 From inception to 2019- Must be the Chief Justice of a High Court. 𑇐 From 2019 to present- Must be a serving or retired Chief Justice or Judge of any State High Court.	𑇐 First member- Must be a serving or retired judge of the High Court or District Court. (Minimum 7 years experience as a District Judge) 𑇐 Second member- A person who has special knowledge of human rights.
Appointment (Section 22)	𑇐 On the recommendation of a committee by the Governor which includes the following members- Chief Minister (Chairman) Speaker of the Legislative Assembly Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Assembly (Leader of the Opposition) Home Minister 𑇐 If there is a provision of bicameral system (Leader of the Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council) in the state, then the following 2 more members are included in the committee- Chairman of the Legislative Council Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Council (Leader of the Opposition)	Same as Chairperson
Re-appointment (Section 37)	𑇐 From inception to 2019- No 𑇐 From 2019 to present- Yes	𑇐 From inception to 2019- Re-appointment for a period of 5 years only. 𑇐 From 2019 to present- 5 year time limit in re-appointment has been abolished.
Oath	by the Governor or a person nominated by the Governor	by the Governor or a person nominated by the Governor
Tenure (Section 24)	𑇐 From inception to 2019- 5 years or 70 years of age, whichever is earlier. 𑇐 From 2019 to present- 3 years or 70 years of age, whichever is earlier.	𑇐 From inception to 2019- 5 years or 70 years of age, whichever is earlier. 𑇐 From 2019 to present- 3 years or 70 years of age, whichever is earlier.
Salary, Allowances and Conditions of Service (Section 26)	𑇐 Determination- By the State Government 𑇐 Same as the Chief Justice of the High Court. 𑇐 Current Salary- ₹ 2,50,000/- per month 𑇐 Note- No disadvantageous change can be made after appointment.	𑇐 Determination- By the State Government 𑇐 Same as Judge of the High Court. 𑇐 Current Salary- ₹ 2,25,000/- per month 𑇐 Note- No disadvantageous change can be made after appointment.
Resignation (Section 23)	Governor	Governor
Termination (Section 23)	𑇐 By the President if found guilty after investigation by the Supreme Court in the following 2 cases- 1. Misconduct/misbehavior 2. Incapacity 𑇐 By the President without any investigation in the following 3 cases- 1. Bankruptcy 2. Moral fall 3. Holding an office of profit	Same as Chairperson

Note : If a serving judge of a High Court is to be appointed as the Chairman or Member of the Commission, permission of the Chief Justice of the same High Court is required before doing so.

The Protection of Human Rights Act

In India, the first act for the protection of human rights was introduced in 1993, which has been amended twice so far (2006, 2019).

The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 :-

• Implemented : 28 September 1993 (by the Government of India)
• Ministry : Ministry of Home Affairs
• President : Shankar Dayal Sharma
• Vice President : K.R. Narayanan
• Prime Minister : Narasimha Rao (Indian National Congress)
• Home Minister : Shankarrao Chavan (Indian National Congress)
• This Act passed by the Parliament provides for the establishment of “National Human Rights Commission” (NHRC) at the national level and “State Human Rights Commission” (SHRC) at the state level and human rights courts.
• Human rights have been defined in Section 2 (D) of this Act.
• This Act has 8 chapters and 43 parts.

Important sections of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993

Chapter	Section	Provision
5	21	Composition of Commission or provision for commission
5	22	Appointment process of Chairperson and Members
5	23	Removal procedure and resignation of Chairperson and members
5	24	Tenure of the Chairperson and Members
5	25	Appointment process of Acting Chairman (by the Governor from among the members)
5	26	Salary, allowances and terms of service of Chairman and Members
5	27	Commission staff
5	28	Annual Report of the Commission (The Commission submits its annual report to the State Government.)
5	29	Applying some provisions related to National Human Rights Commission to State Human Rights Commission. Such as- Section 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
6	30	Human Rights Court
6	31	Special Public Prosecutor
7	33	Financial autonomy of the Commission (Annual grant to the Commission by the State Government)
8	35	Accounts and Audit of the Commission
8	37	Reappointment of Chairperson and Members
8	41	Power of State Government to make rules

Click here for official document of The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993

The Protection of Human Rights (Amendment) Act, 2006 :-

• By this Act, the number of members in the Commission was reduced from 5 (1 Chairman + 4 Members) to 3 (1 Chairman + 2 Members).
• Ministry : Ministry of Home Affairs
• President : Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
• Vice President : Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
• Prime Minister : Manmohan Singh (Indian National Congress)
• Home Minister : Shivraj Patil

Click here for official document of The Protection of Human Rights (Amendment) Act, 2006

The Protection of Human Rights (Amendment) Act, 2019 :-

• Proposal : July 08, 2019 in Lok Sabha (by Home Minister Amit Shah)
• Passed in Lok Sabha : July 19, 2019
• Passed in Rajya Sabha : July 22, 2019
• Ministry : Ministry of Home Affairs
• President : Ram Naam Kovind
• Vice President : Venkaiah Naidu
• Prime Minister : Narendra Modi (Bharatiya Janata Party)
• Home Minister : Amit Shah (Bharatiya Janata Party)
• This Act was brought to amend the “Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993”.
• Qualification (Chairman) : Can be a serving or retired Chief Justice or Judge of any State High Court. (Before 2019, the Chief Justice of the High Court was appointed for the post of Chairman.)
• Tenure (Chairman, Member) : 3 years or 70 years of age, whichever is earlier. (Before 2019, it was 5 years or 70 years of age, whichever is earlier.)
• Provision of ex-officio members was made in the Commission. Such as-
  1. Chairman, State Scheduled Caste Commission
  2. Chairman, State Scheduled Tribe Commission
  3. Chairman, State Other Backward Classes Commission
  4. Chairman, State Minority Commission
  5. Chairman, State Women Commission
  6. Chairman, State Child Protection Commission
  7. Commissioner, State Disabled Board
• Re-appointment : Under this Act, the Chairman of the Commission will be eligible for reappointment and the time limit of five years in re-appointment of members has been removed. (Before 2019, there was no provision for reappointment of the Chairman of the Commission and re-appointment of members was only for a period of 5 years.)
• Union Territories : Under this Act, the Central Government can entrust the work related to human rights in Union Territories to the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). For example, the work related to human rights in Delhi will be done by the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC).

Click here for official document of Protection of Human Rights (Amendment) Act, 2019

Functions and role of the Commission

1. To receive complaints related to human rights violations against public servants. (On subjects of State and Concurrent List)
2. The Commission has the following powers under the Civil Procedure Code 1908 (CPC 1908)-
   • Issuing summons/notice to a public servant.
   • Calling a public servant for testimony/evidence.
   • Obtaining government documents from any government office.
   • Taking the statement of the public servant on affidavit
3. After the Commission investigation-
   • Recommending disciplinary action against the public servant to the state government.
   • Recommending compensation to the state government for the victim.
   • Appealing on behalf of the victim in the court.
   • Recommending fines to the state government against the public servant.
4. Inspecting government institutions of the state government. Such as jails, police stations, mental rehabilitation centers and Nari Niketan etc.
5. With the permission of the court, hearing the cases pending in the court.
6. Encouraging non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working for the protection of human rights.
7. Organizing seminars and conferences for awareness in the field of human rights.
8. Submitting annual report to the state government.
9. Identifying the elements that hinder the protection of human rights.
10. Establishing a district human rights unit in the district.
11. Doing research and promotion in the field of human rights.
12. Reviewing the constitution or any other law for the protection of human rights.
13. Reviewing international treaties related to human rights and making recommendations for their implementation.
14. Publishing a quarterly magazine called ‘Manvadhikar Sandesh’.
15. The commission can also conduct hearings on its own initiative.

Measures taken to keep the Commission autonomous, independent and impartial

• The Commission has been given statutory status by the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
• Transparent process for appointment of Chairperson and members. (By the Governor on the recommendation of a committee)
• Permanence of tenure of Chairperson and members. (3 years or 70 years of age, whichever is earlier)
• Financial autonomy of the Commission. (Section 33)
• Complex process for removal of Chairperson and members. (By the President)

Matters which are outside the jurisdiction of the Commission

• Vague or anonymous or illegible, frivolous or unnecessarily vexatious.
• Cases pending before any other Commission.
• Cases older than one year.
• Relating to civil disputes such as property rights, contractual obligations etc.
• Cases relating to service or labour cases or industrial disputes.
• Allegations not against a public servant.
• Allegations relating to a retired public servant.
• Where the allegations do not make out a case of any specific violation of human rights.
• Where the case is pending before any Court or Tribunal.
• Where the case is covered under any judicial opinion or any decision of the Commission.
• Where the Commission receives a copy of the complaint sent to any other authority.
• Where the case is outside the jurisdiction of the Commission.
• Cases relating to the Union List.
• If the complaint relates to military administration.
• Personal cases.

Drawbacks of the Commission

• It is only an advisory body, hence it has been termed as a toothless/vegetarian tiger.
• The commission does not have the right to investigate cases older than 1 year.
• The commission does not have the right to investigate cases related to military administration.
• There is no discussion on the annual report of the commission.
• The commission lacks the cooperation of the local police.
• The posts of chairman and members are vacant in the commission.
• There is a huge pendency of complaints in the commission.

H.L. Dattu, former chairman of the National Human Rights Commission and former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, has described the State Human Rights Commission as a toothless/vegetarian tiger.

Reforms in the Commission or the way forward

• The advice of the commission should be binding on the state government.
• If the government does not accept the advice of the commission, it should respond within a month.
• The commission should be given the right to investigate even cases older than 1 year.
• The commission should also be given the right to investigate cases related to military administration.
• Due to the large number of pending cases in the commission, the government should appoint the chairman and members on time.
• The annual report of the commission should be discussed in the assembly so that improvements can be made in the commission.
• The government should give such instructions to the local police so that the local police cooperates with the commission.

List of Chairpersons of Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission

S. No.	Name of the Chairperson	Tenure	Features
1	Justice Ms. Kanta Bhatnagar	23-03-2000 To 11-08-2000	𑇐 She is the first, first woman and only woman Chairperson. 𑇐 She is the Chairperson with the shortest tenure. 𑇐 She also held the following posts- 1. First woman Chief Justice, Madras High Court 2. Judge (1968), Rajasthan High Court
2	Justice Shri S. Sageer Ahmed	16-02-2001 To 03-06-2004	𑇐 He is the only minority Chairperson. 𑇐 He is the only Chairperson who has also been a Judge of the Supreme Court. 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Enrolled as an advocate of Allahabad High Court on 6 December 1961. 2. Practiced in civil side before Lucknow Bench. 3. Was a permanent advocate of Northern Railway since 1971 and Uttar Pradesh Government since 1976. 4. Appointed as Additional Judge in Allahabad High Court on 2 November 1981. 5. Appointed as Permanent Judge in Allahabad High Court on 30 December 1982. 6. Transferred as Judge of Kashmir High Court on 1 November 1993. 7. Appointed as Chief Justice of Kashmir High Court on 18 March 1994. 8. Transferred as Chief Justice of Andhra Pradesh High Court on 23 September 1994. 9. Appointed as Judge of Supreme Court on 6 March 1995.
3	Justice Shri Amar Singh Godara (Acting Chairperson)	04-06-2004 To 06-07-2005	𑇐 He is the first acting Chairperson.
4	Justice Shri N. K. Jain (Nagendra Kumar Jain)	16-07-2005 To 15-07-2010	𑇐 He is the chairperson with the longest tenure. 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Judge, Rajasthan High Court 2. Chief Justice, Madras High Court 3. Chairman, Rajasthan Bar Council 4. Part-time Lecturer, Jodhpur University 5. Chief Justice, Karnataka High Court 6. Lokayukta, Himachal Pradesh 7. Chairman, Himachal Pradesh State Human Rights Commission
5	Justice Shri Jagat Singh (Acting Chairperson)	19-07-2010 To 09-10-2010
6	Shri Pukhraj Seervi (Acting Chairperson)	26-10-2010 To 13-04-2011
7	Shri H. R. Kuri (Acting Chairperson)	14-06-2012 To 10-03-2016
8	Justice Shri Prakash Tatia	11-03-2016 To 25-11-2019	𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Chief Justice and Judge, Rajasthan High Court 2. Chief Justice, Jharkhand High Court 3. Judge, Delhi High Court
9	Justice Shri Mahesh Chandra Sharma (Acting Chairperson)	05-12-2019 To 24-01-2021
10	Justice Shri G.K. Vyas (Justice Shri Gopal Krishna Vyas)	25-01-2021 To 24-01-2024	𑇐 He also held the following positions- 1. Chairman, Legal Services Committee of Rajasthan High Court 2. Member, Administrative Committee of Rajasthan High Court 3. Chairman, Rajasthan Judicial Academy 4. Chairman, Lower Judicial Committee and Selection Board for Selection of Judicial Magistrates 5. Judge, Rajasthan High Court
11	Justice Ram Chandra Singh Jhala (Acting Chairperson)	12-02-2024 To 27-06-2024
12	Justice Shri Ganga Ram Moolchandani	𑇐 28-06-2024 to continue	𑇐 He is the current Chairperson. 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Judge, Rajasthan High Court (April 11, 2016 to April 11, 2020)

List of members of Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission

S. No.	Name or the member	Tenure	Features
1	Justice Shri Amar Singh Godara	07-07-2000 To 06-07-2005	𑇐 He was the first acting Chairperson. 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Judge, Rajasthan High Court
2	Shri R. K. Akodiya	25-03-2000 To 24-03-2005
3	Shri B. L. Joshi	25-03-2000 To 31-03-2004	𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Selected in Rajasthan Police Service in 1957. 2. Worked with Indian High Commissions in Islamabad and London and Indian Embassy in Washington DC during Prime Minister Indira Gandhi’s tenure. 3. Appointed Lieutenant Governor of Delhi on 9 June 2004. 4. Appointed Governor of Meghalaya in April 2007. 5. Appointed Governor of Uttarakhand on 29 October 2007. 6. Appointed Governor of Uttar Pradesh on 28 July 2009.
4	Prof. Alamshah Khan	24-03-2000 To 17-05-2003
5	Shri Namonarayan Meena	11-09-2003 To 23-03-2004	𑇐 He is the member with the minimum tenure. (1 year) 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Additional Director General of Police (ADGP), Rajasthan Police 2. From 2004 to 2009, he was the Minister of State for Environment and Forests and Minister of State in the Department of Expenditure, Banking and Insurance in the Ministry of Finance in the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government. (Former Union Minister) 𑇐 He has been awarded the President’s Police Medal and the President’s Distinguished Service Medal.
6	Justice Shri Jagat Singh	10-10-2005 To 09-10-2010	𑇐 He was the acting Chairperson. 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Judge, Rajasthan High Court (Jodhpur)
7	Shri Dharm Singh Meena	07-07-2005 To 06-07-2010	𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Additional Chief Secretary, Rajasthan
8	Shri Pukhraj Seervi	15-04-2006 To 13-04-2011	𑇐 He was the acting chairperson. 𑇐 He is the member with the longest tenure. (7 years) 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Selected in Rajasthan Police Service in 1967. 2. Additional Inspector General of Police (AIGP) 3. Inspector General of Police (IGP) 𑇐 He was awarded the President’s Police Medal twice.
9	Shri H. R. Kuri	01-09-2011 To 31-08-2016	𑇐 He was the acting Chairperson.
10	Dr. M. K. Devarajan	01-09-2011 To 31-08-2016	𑇐 He also held the following positions- 1. Chairman and Managing Director, Rajasthan Small Industries Corporation 2. Assistant Director, Intelligence Bureau 3. In-charge of Soft Skills Training Programs of Rajasthan Police. 4. Inspector General of Police (IGP) 5. Nodal Officer in Community Policing Programs of Rajasthan Police. 𑇐 He won 4 international awards, out of which 3 awards are from International Association of Chiefs of Police.
11	Justice Shri Mahesh Chandra Sharma	03-10-2018 To 29-04-2021	𑇐 He was the acting Chairperson. 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Judge, Rajasthan High Court 2. Addl. Advocate General, Rajasthan
12	Mr. Mahesh Goyal	25-01-2021 To 24-01-2024	𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Commandant, Rajasthan Armed Constabulary (RAC) 2. Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG), Rajasthan 3. Inspector General of Police (IGP) (Intelligence), Rajasthan 𑇐 He was awarded the President’s Police Medal in 2000.
13	Justice Ram Chandra Singh Jhala	16-01-2023 to continue	𑇐 He is the current member. 𑇐 He was the acting chairperson. 𑇐 He also held the following posts- 1. Judge, Rajasthan High Court 2. Ethics Commissioner, RCA
14	Shri Ashok Kumar Gupta	28-06-2024 to continue	𑇐 He is a current member. 𑇐 He is a retired IPS officer.

Other Important Facts

• A complaint can be made in the commission only against a public servant, and not against anyone else.
• The commission can hear a case even without any appeal or complaint.
• The Rajasthan government made the State Human Rights Commission Rules and Regulations in 2001.
• The commission is required to hear the appeal within 7 days. (Hearing within 24 hours in urgent cases)
• ‘Jaipur Declaration’ is related to this commission.

Commission Activities

• The Commission’s scope of work includes all types of human rights, which include civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights.
• The Commission is paying special attention to cases of deaths in custody, rape, harassment, structural reforms in police and prisons, improving the condition of reform homes, mental hospitals.
• With a view to protecting the rights of the most vulnerable sections of society, the Commission has made recommendations to provide compulsory and free education to children up to the age of 14 years, to live a life with dignity, to provide basic facilities for the welfare of mothers and children.
• The Commission has focused its attention on atrocities being committed against citizens in violation of equality and justice, problems of displaced people, and deaths of people due to hunger, exploitation of child labour, child prostitution, women’s rights etc.

In view of its vastly expanded responsibilities, the Commission has, apart from investigating complaints, also undertaken the following functions :

• Guidelines to prevent misuse of the power of arrest by the police.
• Establishment of ‘Human Rights Cell’ at the District Headquarters.
• Measures to prevent custodial deaths, rape and human abuse.
• Systemic reforms-
  1. Police
  2. Jail
  3. Internment center
• Prevention of anemia in mothers and congenital mental disabilities in children.
• Human rights of people suffering from HIV/AIDS.
• Improvement in the quality of mental hospitals.
• Efforts to eliminate the practice of manual scavenging.
• Making recommendations for the protection of rights of non-notified and nomadic tribes.
• Public health pollution control, prevention of food adulteration, adulteration in medicines and prevention of expired medicines.
• Cases of exclusion on the basis of religion, caste, sub-caste etc.
• Dissemination of human rights education and increase in awareness about rights.

Human Rights Court

• Provision : This provision has been made in Section 30 of the “Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993”.
• For the purpose of providing speedy trial of offences arising out of violation of human rights, the State Government may, with the concurrence of the Chief Justice of the High Court, by notification, specify for each district a Court of Session to be a Human Rights Court to try the said offences:
• Provided that nothing in this section shall apply if—
  1. a Court of Session is already specified as a special court; or
  2. a special court is already constituted,
• for such offences under any other law for the time being in force.

Process for registration and hearing of complaints

• For functioning of the Commission, “Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission (Procedure) Regulations, 2001” is applicable. Which was implemented on 19 January, 2001.
• Procedure for filing a complaint :-
  1. Complaints can be sent by any means such as by appearing in person, by letter, by fax, by mail etc.
  2. The Commission also takes cognizance of news published in newspapers.
  3. The complaint can be submitted in Hindi or English or any language included in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.
  4. No fee is payable with the complaint.
  5. The Commission can call for additional information regarding the complaint as it considers necessary.
  6. It can also give instructions to submit an affidavit as required.

Language included in the Eighth Schedule

S. No.	Languages
1	Assamese
2	Oriya
3	Urdu
4	Kannada
5	Kashmiri
6	Konkani
7	Gujarati
8	Dogri
9	Tamil
10	Telugu
11	Nepali
12	Punjabi
13	Bengali
14	Bodo
15	Manipuri
16	Marathi
17	Malayalam
18	Maithili
19	Santhali
20	Sanskrit
21	Sindhi
22	Hindi

Procedure for investigation of complaints by the Commission :-

• The Commission may call for information or report from the Government or authority and may also investigate the complaint on its own.
• If on receipt of the information or report the Commission is satisfied that no further investigation is required or the required investigation has been initiated by the concerned State Government or authority, the Commission shall not investigate such complaint further.